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Intraocular hemorrhage or hemopthalmia (haema means ‘blood’ and opthalmos means ‘eye’) is bleeding (hemorrhage) into the eyeball (oculus). Depending on the amount of blood we distinguish partial hemopthalmia (less than 1/3 of the vitreous); subtotal (over 1/3 but less than ¾ of the vitreous); and total (over ¾ of the vitreous).Massive total and subtotal hemorrhage into the vitreous are often the result of serious penetrating and non-penetrating eye injuries.
Partial intraocular hemorrhage may occur in patients with diabetic retinopathy, atherosclerosis, vasculitis, sickle cell anemia, hypertensive disease, as a result of retinal tear or detachment, blunt trauma or after eye surgery. When blood gets into a vitreous, breakdown products of formed elements of blood (i.e. hemoglobin and hemosiderin) exert a toxic effect on the retina. Moreover in the result of hemorrhage the vitreous losses its transparency; structural changes inside the vitreous (cords, bands and later adhesions appears) may be the cause of serious eye problems if left without treatment.
Intraocular hemorrhage symptoms
Manifestation of intraocular hemorrhage depends on the amount of blood in the cavity. If the bleeding is mild, the patient may have complaints about floating spots (‘lines’, ‘worms’ etc.), worsened or blurry vision. The more the amount of blood in the cavity, the more acute is eyesight decline, up to light perception. The indirect sign of intraocular hemorrhage is a slight improvement in the morning.
Diagnostics
Examination of the patient with suspected bleeding into the eyeball includes a thorough history taking, external examination, examination of inner eye structures, special methods of examination.
During the interview the doctor is finding out under which circumstances complaints appeared, how they changed with time and which medications the patient took before the visit to the doctor.
Diagnostic eye examination includes external examination, visual acuity measurement, ophthalmoscopy, slit lamp examination and if necessary additional methods of examination (ultra sonic ophthalmoscanning, optical coherence tomography - OCT).
Intraocular hemorrhage treatment
The patients with partial intraocular hemorrhage may receive outpatient or inpatient treatment; patients with subtotal or total hemopthalmia receive treatment only after urgent hospitalization. If bleeding into the eyeball is suspected, urgent examination is required for making a diagnosis and choosing further treatment.
When treating partial hemopthalmia, it is necessary to pay a special attention to the identifying and treating the disease that caused the bleeding. Fresh mild bleeding is relatively easy to treat with dissolving medication therapy. The patient is recommended bed rest and cold bandages on the injured eye, calcium supplements (in the form of the tablets, eye drops and intramuscular injections), vitamins B, and hemostatics (vicasol, dicynone). For a better dissolving effect, potassium iodide, enzymatic drugs and heparin (subconjunctivally) are used. If the effect of the medication therapy is not good enough, surgical treatment is indicated.
In case with massive hemorrhage, it is necessary to identify the source of bleeding and stop it. Then almost in all cases, a surgical treatment is required (vitrectomy) to remove the blood from the cavity and to prevent cicatrical changes of the vitreous.
Benefits of treating intraocular hemorrhage with the Moscow Eye Clinic
The Moscow Eye Clinic is equipped with everything that is necessary for a thorough eye examination. The diagnostic equipment by the world leading manufacturers allows identify even the slightest changes and exclude the errors.
For the patients with intraocular hemorrhage we provide outpatient treatment (including the day patient facility) and our own in-patient facility after hospitalization. The Clinic provides its services seven days a week from 9 a.m. till 9 p.m.
A positive reputation of any clinic today is its doctors. In the Moscow Eye Clinic we have highly qualified eye care specialists with extended practical experience. A surgical treatment of intraocular hemorrhage is the specialization of a vitreoretinal surgeon. In our clinic the Doctor of Medical Sciences Ilyukhin Oleg Evgenievitch, performs the operations of this type. Oleg Evgenievitch received training in the leading foreign (Austrian, French, Indian) and Russian ophthalmological centers; he successfully performed over 5,000 complex operations on the retina, lens and vitreous. Head doctor, the Doctor of Medical Sciences, the surgeon of the highest category Fomenko Natalia Ivanovna also performs the operations. He has performed over 12, 000 operations of various degrees of complexity.
Prices for Intraocular hemorrhage treatment in "MEC"
The price of intraocular hemorrhage treatment depends on the number of required therapeutic and surgical methods, the necessity in the general anesthesia etc. The cost of primary examination (a complex service in accordance with medical standards) is 3, 500 rubles, advanced complex examination with additional methods is 5, 500 rubles, vitrectomy is 25, 000 rubles. If you have any question, you may call us in Moscow at 8 (800) 777-38 81 and (499) 322-36-36 or ask our specialists with the help of a follow-up form on our web-site; you can also refer to the section “Price” on our web-site. Go to the section “Prices”.